RETREATMENT : 2 steps

Coronal Step

Removal of lling material and aring of the coronal portion of the canal:

• Manual penetration using a thin and stiff manual le (e.g. a No. 10 K steel le shortened by a few mm) to pierce the lling material and create a 2-3 mm channel.
• CORONAL is used to widen the canal entries and remove lling from 2-3 mm with a withdrawing movement, leaning on the walls.
• Irrigation and solvent renewal.
• Manual penetration using a No. 15 K steel file going a few millimetres deeper.
• MEDIAN is used for working deeper than the CORONAL.
This tool works by traction.
• Irrigation and solvent renewal.

Apical Step

Preparation and lling removal of the apical portion of the canal:

• Manual No. 15 K file precurved, to explore this portion of the canal. Measuring the length of the canal, if feasible at this stage.
• Copious irrigation.
• APICAL 1 is used on the whole length of the root canal that has been made accessible using the No. 15 file.
• Copious irrigation.
• APICAL 2 is used to remove the filling material and clear the canal.
• Check apical patency using a No. 10 K le just beyond the extent of the work.